Slides for Enercon visit to CERN

presentations/WR_Javier_Enercon_2019/Makefile

+all : wr_enercon_2019.pdf
+
+.PHONY : all clean
+
+wr_enercon_2019.pdf : wr_enercon_2019.tex
+	pdflatex $^
+	pdflatex $^
+
+clean :
+	rm -f *.eps *.pdf *.dat *.log *.out *.aux *.dvi *.ps *.nav *.snm *.toc *.vrb *~
+

presentations/WR_Javier_Enercon_2019/wr_enercon_2019.tex

+\documentclass[compress, red]{beamer}
+\mode<presentation>
+
+\usepackage{etex}
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+%\usepackage{pgfpages}
+%\usepackage{listings}
+
+\usetheme{Warsaw}
+
+% define your own colors:
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+\definecolor{Blue}{rgb}{0,0,1}
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+
+\useoutertheme[subsection=false]{smoothbars}
+
+% include packages
+\usepackage{subfigure}
+\usepackage{multicol}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{epsfig}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage[all]{xy}
+%\xyoption{arc}
+\usepackage{url}
+\usepackage{multimedia}
+\usepackage{hyperref}
+\usepackage{helvet}
+\usepackage[english]{babel}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{changepage}
+\usepackage{textcomp}
+     
+\newcommand{\backupbegin}{
+   \newcounter{framenumberappendix}
+   \setcounter{framenumberappendix}{\value{framenumber}}
+}
+\newcommand{\backupend}{
+   \addtocounter{framenumberappendix}{-\value{framenumber}}
+   \addtocounter{framenumber}{\value{framenumberappendix}} 
+}
+
+\graphicspath{ {../../figures/} }
+
+\usepackage[font=small,skip=0pt]{caption}
+\captionsetup{labelformat=empty,labelsep=none}
+%\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{5pt plus 3pt minus 2pt}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Title Page Info %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\title[White Rabbit\hspace{20em}\insertframenumber/\inserttotalframenumber]{White Rabbit}
+\author{Javier Serrano}
+\institute{CERN BE-CO\\Hardware and Timing section}
+\date[22 March 2019]{Enercon visit\\CERN, 22 March 2019}
+
+\AtBeginSection[]
+{
+  \begin{frame}<beamer>{Outline}
+    \tableofcontents[currentsection]
+  \end{frame}
+}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Begin Your Document %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{document}
+%\setbeamertemplate{caption}{\raggedright\insertcaption\par}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\frame{\titlepage}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\begin{frame}<beamer>{Outline}
+  \tableofcontents
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\subsection{}
+%=======================
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\begin{frame}{What is White Rabbit?}
+
+\begin{columns}[c]
+	\column{0.8\textwidth}
+	  \begin{itemize}
+		\item Renovation of accelerator's control and timing
+		\item Based on well-known technologies
+		\item Open Hardware and Open Software with commercial support
+		\item International collaboration
+    \item Many users: CERN, GSI, KM3NET, cosmic ray detectors, metrology labs...
+	  \end{itemize}
+	\column{0.3\textwidth}
+		\begin{center}
+		\includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth]{logo/WRlogo.pdf}
+		\end{center}
+	\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{frame}{Why we use Open Hardware ?}
+  \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{ohwr/commercial_and_open.pdf}
+  \end{center}
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item Share and maximise impact
+    \item Peer review
+    \item Healthier relationship with companies
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{frame}{White Rabbit: an \emph{extension} of Ethernet}
+\begin{columns}[c]
+  \column{.5\textwidth}
+ 
+  \begin{itemize}
+      \item Standard Ethernet network
+      \item Ethernet features (VLAN) \& protocols (SNMP)
+    \end{itemize}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item \color{Blue}{Sub-ns synchronisation}
+      \item \color{Red}{Guaranteed (by design) upper bound in frame latency}
+  \end{itemize}
+
+  \column{.6\textwidth}
+    \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[height=1.05\textwidth]{network/wr_network-enhanced_pro.pdf}
+    \end{center}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{frame}{White Rabbit application examples}
+
+  \begin{columns}[c]
+    \column{0.7\textwidth}
+  \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1-> \color<2->{black!50}{CERN and GSI}
+      \item<2-> \color<3->{black!50}{The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory}
+
+      \item<3-> \color<4->{black!50}{KM3NET: European deep-sea neutrino telescope}
+      \item<4-> {MIKES: Centre for metrology and accreditation}
+      \end{itemize}
+
+    \column{0.45\textwidth}    
+    \begin{center}
+      \includegraphics<1>[width=0.80\textwidth]{applications/gsiANDcern.pdf}
+      \pause
+      \includegraphics<2>[width=1\textwidth]{applications/lhaaso.pdf}
+      \pause
+      \includegraphics<3>[width=1\textwidth]{applications/KM3NeT.pdf}
+      \pause
+      \includegraphics<4->[width=.5\textwidth]{applications/mikes.pdf}
+    \end{center}
+
+  \end{columns}
+  \pause
+    {\small More WR collaborators/users: \url{http://www.ohwr.org/projects/white-rabbit/wiki/WRUsers}}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{Open source and the unexpected}
+ \begin{center}
+	   \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{applications/wr_other_apps.jpg}
+ \end{center} 
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Technology}
+\subsection{}
+
+\begin{frame}{White Rabbit technology}
+  \begin{block}{Based on}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Gigabit Ethernet over fibre
+      \item IEEE-1588 protocol
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{block}
+  \pause
+  \begin{block}{Enhanced with}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Layer 1 syntonisation
+      \item Digital Dual Mixer Time Difference (DDMTD)
+      \item Link delay model
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{Precision Time Protocol (IEEE 1588)}
+\begin{columns}[c]
+  \column{.4\textwidth}
+    \begin{center}
+      \includegraphics[height=5cm]{protocol/ptp_exchange.pdf}
+    \end{center}
+  \column{.75\textwidth}
+    \begin{itemize}
+	  \item Frame-based synchronisation protocol.
+    \item Simple calculations:
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item link $delay_{ms}$ $\delta_{ms} = \frac{(t_{4}-t_{1}) - (t_{3}-t_{2})}{2}$
+      \item clock $offset_{ms} = t_{2} - (t_{1} + \delta_{ms})$
+    \end{itemize}
+    \item<2> Disadvantages
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item assumes symmetry of medium
+      \item all nodes have free-running oscillators
+      \item frequency drift compensation vs. message exchange traffic
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{Layer 1 Syntonisation}
+ %\begin{block}{Common clock for the entire network}
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item All network devices use the same physical layer clock.
+    \item Clock is encoded in the Ethernet carrier and recovered by the receiver chip.
+    \item Phase detection allows sub-ns delay measurement.
+  \end{itemize}
+%\end{block}
+\vspace{-0.2cm}
+  \begin{center}
+  \includegraphics[height=4.5cm]{misc/synce_v3.pdf}
+  \end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
+% \begin{frame}{Digital Dual Mixer Time Difference}{DDMTD}
+
+%   \begin{itemize}
+%     \item Used for precise phase measurements
+%     \item Implemented in FPGA and SoftPLL
+%     \item 62.5MHz WR clock and N=14 results in 3.814kHz output signals
+%   \end{itemize}
+%   \vspace{-0.2cm}
+%   \begin{center}
+%   \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{misc/dmtd_2N.pdf}
+%   \end{center}
+
+% \end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{Link delay model}
+  \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{calibration/link-model.pdf}
+  \end{center}
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item static hardware delays: $\Delta_{TXM}$, $\Delta_{RXM}$, $\Delta_{TXS}$, $\Delta_{RXS}$
+    \item semi-static hardware delays: $\epsilon_M$, $\epsilon_S$
+    \item fibre asymmetry coefficient: $\alpha = \frac{\delta_{MS} - \delta_{SM}}{\delta_{SM}}$
+  \end{itemize}
+  \pause
+  \begin{block}{}
+    Calibration procedure to find $\Delta_{TXM}$, $\Delta_{RXM}$,
+    $\Delta_{TXS}$, $\Delta_{RXS}$ and $\alpha$.
+  \end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Equipment}
+\subsection{}
+
+\begin{frame}{Typical WR network}
+  \begin{center}
+		\includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{network/wr_network-enhanced_pro.pdf}
+  \end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[t,fragile]{White Rabbit Switch}
+	\begin{center}
+		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{switch/wrSwitch_v3_3.jpg}
+		\begin{itemize}
+			\item Central element of WR network
+			\item 18 port gigabit Ethernet switch with WR features
+			\item Optical transceivers: up to 10km, single-mode fibre
+      \item Fully open design, commercially available
+		\end{itemize}
+	\end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{Simplified block diagram of the hardware}
+	\vspace{-0.3cm}
+  \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[width=.85\textwidth]{switch/switch3_4_simple_diagram_h.pdf}
+  \end{center} 
+\end{frame}
+
+% \begin{frame}{Simplified block diagram of the gateware}
+%   \begin{center}
+%     \begin{adjustwidth}{-1.5em}{-1.5em}
+%       \includegraphics[width=1.1\textwidth]{switch/switch_hdl_simple.pdf}
+%     \end{adjustwidth}
+%   \end{center}
+% \end{frame}
+
+
+\begin{frame}{WR Node: SPEC board}
+    \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[width=7cm]{node/spec.jpg}
+    \end{center}
+
+  \begin{columns}[c]
+    \column{.01\textwidth}
+    \column{.98\textwidth}
+
+	\begin{block}{FMC-based Hardware Kit}
+	  \begin{itemize}
+%	  \item Carrier boards in PCI-Express, VME, PXIe
+	  \item All carrier cards are equipped with a White Rabbit port.
+	  \item Mezzanines can use the accurate clock signal and ``TAI''
+		\\ (synchronous sampling clock, trigger time tag, ...).
+	  \end{itemize}
+	\end{block}
+
+    \column{.01\textwidth}
+  \end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+% \begin{frame}{White Rabbit PTP Core}
+%  \begin{center}
+%    \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{node/wrpc_inside-v3-0.pdf}
+%    \end{center}
+% \end{frame}
+
+
+\section{Performance}
+\subsection{}
+\begin{frame}{WR time transfer performance: basic test setup}
+
+    \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[height=7.0cm]{measurements/meas_setup.pdf}
+    \end{center}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{WR time transfer performance: test results}
+
+    \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{measurements/meas_results2.pdf}
+    \end{center}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% \frame{\frametitle{An aside: PLL block diagram}
+% \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{misc/pll_model.pdf}
+% }
+
+% \frame{\frametitle{An aside: PLL transfer functions}
+% \begin{block}{Total output phase spectrum}
+% $ \Phi_o(s) = H(s) \cdot \Phi_i(s) + E(s) \cdot \Phi_n(s) $
+% \end{block}
+
+% \begin{block}{System transfer function (low pass)}
+% $ H(s) = \frac{K_{VCO} K_d F(s)}{s + K_{VCO} K_d F(s)} $
+% \end{block}
+
+% \begin{block}{Error transfer function (high pass)}
+% $ E(s) = 1 - H(s) = \frac{s}{s + K_{VCO} K_d F(s)} $
+% \end{block}
+% }
+
+% \frame{\frametitle{An aside: jitter optimisation}
+% \includegraphics[height=0.7\textwidth]{misc/pll_psd.pdf}
+% }
+
+
+% \begin{frame}{Test setup for 10MHz switch output}
+%   \begin{center}
+%     \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{measurements/WRSlowJitter/rsz_experimental_setup.png}
+%   \end{center}
+% \end{frame}
+
+% \begin{frame}{WR switch clocking scheme}{Thanks to Mattia Rizzi for the work and
+%   the figures in this section}
+%   \begin{center}
+%     \includegraphics[width=.85\textwidth]{switch/wrs_v3_3_clocking.png}
+%   \end{center}
+% \end{frame}
+
+% \begin{frame}{MMCM noise}
+%   \begin{center}
+%     \includegraphics[height=.7\textheight]{switch/mmcm_noise.png}
+%   \end{center}
+% \end{frame}
+
+% \begin{frame}{WR Switch: low jitter daughterboard}
+%   \begin{columns}
+%     \column{.35\textwidth}
+%     \includegraphics[width=.8\textheight, angle=90]{measurements/WRSlowJitter/rsz_3d_image__1_.jpg}
+%     \column{.65\textwidth}
+%     \begin{itemize}
+%       \item Current release of WRS in GM mode has sub-optimal performance on both jitter (9ps RMS 1Hz-100kHz) and ADEV (1.4E-11 $\tau$=1s ENBW 50Hz)
+%       \item A daughterboard was designed, produced and tested to improve the performance
+%       \item Modified WRS improves performance on both jitter ($<$2ps RMS 10Hz-100kHz) and ADEV ($<$5E-13 $\tau$=1s ENBW 50Hz) in GM mode
+%     \end{itemize}
+%   \end{columns}
+% \end{frame}
+
+% \begin{frame}{Test Results in GM mode: PM noise}
+%   \begin{center}
+%     \includegraphics[height=.85\textheight]{measurements/WRSlowJitter/pn.png}
+%   \end{center}
+% \end{frame}
+
+% \begin{frame}{Test Results in GM mode: Modified ADEV}
+%   \begin{center}
+%     \includegraphics[height=.85\textheight]{measurements/WRSlowJitter/mdev.png}
+%   \end{center}
+% \end{frame}
+
+
+\section{Current developments}
+\subsection{}
+
+\begin{frame}{Current developments}
+  \begin{block}{Switches and nodes are commercially available}
+  Work now revolves around better diagnostics and remote management of WR
+  networks as well as improving the phase noise and performing extensive network stress tests.
+  \end{block}
+  \pause
+  \begin{block}{Standardisation}
+    IEEE 1588 revision process is ongoing and contains a sub-committee (High
+    Accuracy) dedicated to White Rabbit. Revised standard expected in 2019.
+  \end{block}
+  \pause
+  \begin{block}{Robustness}
+  Based on redundant information and fast switch-over between
+  redundant fibres and switches. 
+  \end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{Ethernet Clock distribution a.k.a. Distributed DDS}
+  \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{applications/remote_dds.pdf}
+  \end{center}
+  \begin{block}{Distributed Direct Digital Synthesis}
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item Replaces dozens of cables with a single fibre.
+    \item Works over big distances without degrading signal quality.
+    \item Can provide various clocks (RF of many rings and linacs)
+      with a single, standard link.
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{Distributed oscilloscope}
+ \begin{center}
+   \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{applications/distr_oscill.pdf}
+   \end{center}
+   \begin{block}{}
+     \begin{itemize}
+     \item Common clock in entire network: no skew between ADCs.
+     \item Ability to sample with different clocks via Distributed DDS.
+     \item External triggers can be time tagged with a TDC and used to reconstruct the original time base in the operator's 
+PC.
+     \end{itemize}
+   \end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{Conclusions}
+\subsection{}
+
+\begin{frame}{Summary}
+  \begin{itemize}
+	  \item Scientific, open (H/W \& S/W), with commercial support
+    \pause
+	  \item More applications than ever expected
+    \pause
+	  \item A versatile solution for general control and data acquisition
+    \pause
+	  \item Standard-compatible and standard-extending
+    \pause
+	  \item Active participation in IEEE1588 revision process
+ \end{itemize}
+% \pause
+%For more information see http://www.ohwr.org/projects/white-rabbit/wiki
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}{Food for thought/discussion}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item What are the needs of the power industry regarding synchronisation?
+    \begin{itemize}
+     \item Accuracy, precision.
+     \item Robustness.
+     \item Security.
+    \end{itemize}
+    \pause
+	  \item Can WR play an important role in this industry?
+   \begin{itemize}
+     \item As the High-Accuracy profile of IEEE-1588.
+     \item Complemented by other profiles/standards for robustness and security.
+     \item Turn-key solution to be developed.
+    \end{itemize}
+    
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+\begin{frame}{Need more information?}
+  \begin{center}
+    \includegraphics[height=4.0cm]{misc/white_rabbit_end.png}
+  \end{center}
+  
+  \begin{center}
+    \href{http://www.ohwr.org/project/white-rabbit/wiki}{http://www.ohwr.org/project/white-rabbit/wiki}
+  \end{center}  
+\end{frame}
+
+\end{document}