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White Rabbit
Commit de03950b authored by Javier Serrano's avatar Javier Serrano
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presentations/WR_Javier_Statnett_2024_01/Makefile 0 → 100644
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all : wr_statnett_2024_01.pdf
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presentations/WR_Javier_Statnett_2024_01/wr_statnett_2024_01.tex 0 → 100644
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\documentclass[compress, red]{beamer}
\mode<presentation>
\usepackage{etex}
\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
%\usepackage{pgfpages}
%\usepackage{listings}
\usetheme{Warsaw}
% define your own colors:
\definecolor{Red}{rgb}{1,0,0}
\definecolor{Blue}{rgb}{0,0,1}
\definecolor{Green}{rgb}{0,1,0}
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\definecolor{darkgreen1}{rgb}{0, .35, 0}
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\xdefinecolor{olive}{cmyk}{0.64,0,0.95,0.4}
\xdefinecolor{purpleish}{cmyk}{0.75,0.75,0,0}
\useoutertheme[subsection=false]{smoothbars}
% include packages
\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{epsfig}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[all]{xy}
%\xyoption{arc}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{multimedia}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{helvet}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{changepage}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\newcommand{\backupbegin}{
\newcounter{framenumberappendix}
\setcounter{framenumberappendix}{\value{framenumber}}
}
\newcommand{\backupend}{
\addtocounter{framenumberappendix}{-\value{framenumber}}
\addtocounter{framenumber}{\value{framenumberappendix}}
}
\graphicspath{ {../../figures/} }
\usepackage[font=small,skip=0pt]{caption}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty,labelsep=none}
%\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{5pt plus 3pt minus 2pt}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Title Page Info %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\title[White
Rabbit \hspace{18em}\insertframenumber/\inserttotalframenumber]{A Quick Introduction
to White Rabbit}
% \subtitle{And some notes on GMT and BST}
% \author[CERN\hspace{17em} Maciej Lipi\'{n}ski]{Maciej Lipi\'{n}ski}
% \author[European Organization for Nuclear Research $\mid$ Maciej Lipi\'{n}ski]{Maciej Lipi\'{n}ski}
% \author[Maciej Lipi\'{n}ski $\mid$ European Organization for Nuclear Research]{Maciej Lipi\'{n}ski}
\author[Javier Serrano $\mid$ CERN BE-CEM-EDL]{Javier Serrano}
\institute{European Organisation for Nuclear Research\\(CERN)}
\date[29 January 2024]{Meeting with Statnett\vspace{0.5cm}\\29 January 2024}
\AtBeginSection[]
{
\begin{frame}<beamer>{Outline}
\tableofcontents[currentsection]
\end{frame}
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Begin Your Document %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{document}
%\setbeamertemplate{caption}{\raggedright\insertcaption\par}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\frame{\titlepage}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}<beamer>{Outline}
\tableofcontents
\end{frame}
\section[Why]{The need for synchronisation}
\subsection{}
%=======================
\begin{frame}{Why we need good synchronisation at CERN}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{misc/synchrotron.jpg}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO)}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{applications/lhaaso.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA)}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.8\textheight]{applications/cta.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope (KM3NeT)}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.8\textheight]{applications/KM3NeT.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{And of course also outside Physics}
\begin{block}{Some examples}
\begin{itemize}
\item Electric power distribution
\item Finance (time-stamping of transactions)
\begin{itemize}
\item to comply with the law (MiFID II)
\item as a service to customers of e.g. a stock exchange
\end{itemize}
\item Telecom
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\section[How]{A quick primer on synchronisation solutions}
\subsection{}
\begin{frame}{Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.8\textheight]{misc/GPS_Satellite_NASA_art-iif.jpg}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{GNSS jamming and spoofing}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.8\textheight]{misc/gps_spoofing.png}
\end{center}
\tiny Courtesy J.M. Friedt
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Precision Time Protocol (IEEE 1588)}
\begin{columns}[c]
\column{.4\textwidth}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics<1>[height=5cm]{protocol/ptp_exchange-enhanced.jpg}
\includegraphics<2->[height=4cm]{protocol/ptpNetwork.jpg}
\end{center}
\column{.75\textwidth}
\begin{itemize}
\item Frame-based synchronisation protocol
\item Simple calculations:
\begin{itemize}
\item link delay: $\delta_{ms} = \frac{(t_{4}-t_{1}) - (t_{3}-t_{2})}{2}$
\item offset from master: $OFM = t_{2} - (t_{1} + \delta_{ms})$
\end{itemize}
\item<2-> Hierarchical network
\item<3-> Shortcomings of traditional PTP:
\begin{itemize}
\item devices have free-running oscillators
\item frequency drift compensation traffic can compromise determinism of
other messages
\item assumes symmetry of medium
\item resolution of timestamps
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\section{White Rabbit}
\subsection{}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{What is White Rabbit?}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{columns}[c]
\column{0.65\textwidth}
\footnotesize
% \textcolor{white}{dddd dsaf asd fasd fdsa fads f dsa fdsa f dsaf dsa fdsa f dsaf dsaf fds}
\begin{itemize}
\item Initially meant for Big Physics facilities/projects: CERN,
GSI, Nikhef\ldots
\item \textbf{Based on well-established standards}
\begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\item Ethernet \textcolor{gray}{(IEEE 802.3)}
\item Bridged Local Area Network \textcolor{gray}{(IEEE 802.1Q)}
\item Precision Time Protocol \textcolor{gray}{(IEEE 1588)}
\end{itemize}
\item \textbf{Extends standards} to meet new requirements and provides
\begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\item \color{blue}{Sub-ns synchronisation}
\item \color{blue}{Deterministic data transfer}
\end{itemize}
\item Initial specs: links $\leq$10~km \& $\leq$2000 nodes
% \item<7-> Initial network specification:
% \begin{itemize}\scriptsize
% \item Fiber links length: $\leq$10~km
% \item Number of nodes: $\leq$2000
% \end{itemize}
\item \textbf{Open Source and commercially available}
% \item<9-> Many users worldwide, inc. metrology labs...
\end{itemize}
% \textcolor{white}{dddd dsaf asd fasd fdsa fads f dsa fdsa f dsaf dsa fdsa f dsaf dsaf fds}
% \textcolor{white}{dddd dsaf asd fasd fdsa fads f dsa fdsa f dsaf dsa fdsa f dsaf dsaf fds}
\textcolor{white}{dddd dsaf asd fasd fdsa fads f dsa fdsa f dsaf dsa fdsa f dsaf dsaf fds}
\column{0.55\textwidth}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{network/wr_network-enhanced_pro_without_10km.pdf}
% \includegraphics<3>[width=0.85\textwidth]{misc/LAN.jpg}
% \includegraphics<4>[width=0.8\textwidth]{misc/ieee-1588-ptp-example.jpg}
% \includegraphics<5>[width=1.0\textwidth]{network/WR_network-ethernet.pdf}
% \includegraphics<6->[width=1.0\textwidth]{network/wr_network-enhanced_pro-v2.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{columns}%\small\pause\pause\pause\pause\pause\pause\pause\pause
% \url{https://www.ohwr.org/projects/white-rabbit/}
\end{frame}
%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{Open \textbf{and} commercially available off-the-shelf}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth]{misc/WR-zoo.jpg}\vspace{-1cm}
\begin{center}
\small
\textbf{Companies selling White Rabbit:} \url{www.ohwr.org/projects/white-rabbit/wiki/wrcompanies}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
%% \Section{Technology}
%% \subsection{}
\begin{frame}{White Rabbit technology - sub-ns synchronisation}
\begin{block}{Based on}
\begin{itemize}
\item IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol on Gigabit Ethernet over fibre
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\pause
\begin{block}{Enhanced with}
\begin{itemize}
\item Layer 1 syntonisation
\item Digital Dual Mixer Time Difference (DDMTD)
\item Link delay model
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\section{Status and Plans}
\subsection{}
\begin{frame}{Status}
\begin{block}{Successful Open Source Project}
\begin{itemize}
\item WR concepts now part of IEEE Std 1588-2019.
\item WR redefined to mean an open-source implementation of the
High-Accuracy profile guaranteeing 1 ns accuracy and the friendly
community around this development.
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\pause
\begin{block}{The threat of ``catastrophic success''}
\begin{itemize}
\item Delegating support to WR commercial providers was part of our
scalability strategy but did not really work.
\item Some WR developers at CERN moved on to other projects.
\item This combined with the increasing uptake of the technology in many
areas raises a sustainability issue.
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Plans}
\begin{block}{Technical}
\begin{itemize}
\item Design WR Switch v4, featuring a Xilinx Zynq Ultrascale+ SoC and
supporting 10GbE.
\item Further down the line: seamless redundancy, better support for
long-distance synchronisation, applications\ldots
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\pause
\begin{block}{Organisational}
\begin{itemize}
\item Segregate general and CERN-specific developments.
\item Ensure both are properly staffed.
\item Launch WR Collaboration with the aim of ensuring the sustainability
of the open-source core of the technology.
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\section{Summary}
\subsection{}
\begin{frame}{Summary}
\begin{itemize}
\item A versatile, standards-based solution for sub-nanosecond
synchronisation.
\item Used in Physics and beyond, standardised under IEEE Std 1588-2019.
\item Fully open source (hardware, gateware, firmware, software): solid basis
for evolution and customisation.
\item Now entering a new phase through the creation of the WR Collaboration.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\appendix
\backupbegin
\begin{frame}{Backup slides}
\begin{center}
Backup slides
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Layer 1 Syntonisation}
%\begin{block}{Common clock for the entire network}
\begin{itemize}\small
\item Clock is encoded in the Ethernet carrier and recovered by the receiver chip
\item All network devices use the same physical layer clock
\item Clock loopback allows phase detection to enhance precision of timestamps
% \item Phase detection allows sub-ns delay measurement
\end{itemize}
%\end{block}
\vspace{-0.2cm}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics<1>[height=5cm]{misc/synce_v3.pdf}
% \includegraphics[height=4.5cm]<2>{p1588/1588-ha-L1vsPTP-simplified.jpg}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Digital Dual Mixer Time Difference (DDMTD)}
\begin{itemize}
\item Precise phase measurements in FPGA
\item WR parameters:
\begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\item $clk_{in}~~~~~~~~=62.5$~MHz
\item $clk_{DDMTD}=62.496185$~MHz (N=14)
\item $clk_{out}~~~~~~=~~3.814$~kHz
\end{itemize}
\item Theoretical resolution of 0.977~ps
\end{itemize}
\vspace{-0.2cm}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{misc/ddmtd_3.jpg}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \begin{frame}{SoftPLL}
% \begin{center}
% \includegraphics[width=.9\textwidth]{protocol/dmpll_diagram-slides.pdf}
% \end{center}
% \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{Link delay model}
\begin{columns}
\column{.65\textwidth}
\footnotesize
\begin{itemize}
\item <1->Correction of Round Trip Time (RTT) for asymmetries
\item <2->Asymmetry sources: FPGA, PCB, electrical/optical conversion,
chromatic dispersion
\item <3->Link delay model:
\begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\item \textbf{Fixed delays} -- calibrated/measured
\item \textbf{Variable delays} -- evaluated online with:\vspace{0.1cm} $\alpha = \frac{\nu_g(\lambda_s)}{\nu_g(\lambda_m)} -1 = \frac{\delta_{ms} - \delta_{sm}}{\delta_{sm}}$
\end{itemize}
\item <4-> Accurate offset from master (OFM):\scriptsize \\\vspace{0.2cm}
% $RTT=(t_{4}-t_{1}) - (t_{3}-t_{2})$\\
$\delta_{ms}~ = \frac{1 + \alpha}{2 + \alpha} \, (RTT - \sum \Delta - \sum \epsilon)$\vspace{0.2cm}
$OFM = t_{2} - (t_{1} + \delta_{ms} + \Delta_{txm} + \Delta_{rxs} + \epsilon_S)$
\end{itemize}
\column{.5\textwidth}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics<1>[width=1.0\textwidth]{protocol/link-delay-model-detailed-1.jpg}
\includegraphics<2>[width=1.0\textwidth]{protocol/link-delay-model-detailed-2.jpg}
\includegraphics<3->[width=1.0\textwidth]{protocol/link-delay-model-detailed-3.jpg}\\\pause\pause\pause
%\tiny See: \textit{WR Calibration} [9]
\end{center}
\end{columns}
% \pause\pause\pause\pause
% \scriptsize See: \textit{WR Calibration}, version 1.1, G.Daniluk
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\backupend
\end{document}
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